National Key Deer Refuge - National Key Deer Refuge. The Key deer a type of white-tailed deer that grow to be less than three feet tall at the shoulder. In the 1940s, the population almost disappeared, so the 8600-acre refuge was created. There are heavy fines for feeding or harming these endangered, fragile animals. Trail and viewing areas open shortly before dawn to take advantage of prime deer-viewing time. Big Pine Key area |